תרגול פיצוח טקסט ב’

האם להכניס את הקטע הזה בכל שאלה או בחומרי עזר ?

 In the last lesson, you learned how to read a text actively by identifying the main idea of each paragraph.

Accordingly, the following exercise is dedicated to reading texts and identifying their main ideas according to the principles you have learned. Read each text carefully and answer the questions that follow.

בשיעור האחרון למדנתם כיצד לקרוא טקסט באופן פעיל, תוך זיהוי הרעיון המרכזי של כל פסקה. 

בהתאם, התרגול שלפניכם מוקדש לקריאת טקסטים ולזיהוי הרעיונות המרכזיים בהם על פי העקרונות שלמדתם. קראו כל טקסט בעיון, וענו על השאלות שאחריו.

Text 1

Read the following text, and then answer the question.

קראו את הטקסט שלפניכם, ולאחר מכן ענו על השאלה.

The Evolution of Digital Storage

I In the early days of computers, storing information was a difficult task. Data was kept on punch cards, which were stiff paper cards with holes in specific places. This method was very slow and took up a lot of space. Later, magnetic tapes were used. These were like music cassettes and could hold more data, but finding specific information was hard because you had to wind through the whole tape to get to the middle.

II A big change happened with the invention of the hard disk drive (HDD). Unlike the old tapes, hard drives allowed computers to find any piece of data immediately. This is called “random access.” Inside the drive, a magnetic head moves quickly over a spinning disk to read or write information. This technology made computers much faster and easier to use, leading to the modern systems we have today.

1. What is the main idea of the text?

Text 2

Read the following text, and then answer the questions.

קראו את הטקסט שלפניכם, ולאחר מכן ענו על השאלות.

How Solar Panels Work

I- Solar panels are a key technology in the shift towards renewable energy. Their function is to convert sunlight directly into electricity through a process known as the photovoltaic effect. The primary component of most solar panels is silicon, a semiconductor material. The panels are made of smaller units called photovoltaic cells. When sunlight, which is composed of tiny particles of energy called photons, strikes the silicon cell, it transfers energy to the atoms within the silicon.

II- This transfer of energy from the photons knocks electrons loose from their atoms. These free electrons then begin to move. The solar cell is designed with a specific structure that creates an electric field. This field acts like a slide, forcing the moving electrons to flow in a single direction. This directional flow of electrons is what constitutes an electric current.

III- Once the electric current is generated, it is captured by metal conductive plates on the surface of the solar cell. From there, the electricity can be sent to power a home, be stored in a battery for later use, or be fed into the main electricity grid. This entire process happens silently and without any moving parts, making solar panels a reliable and low-maintenance source of clean energy.

Text 2

Read the following text, and then answer the questions.

קראו את הטקסט שלפניכם, ולאחר מכן ענו על השאלות.

How Solar Panels Work

I- Solar panels are a key technology in the shift towards renewable energy. Their function is to convert sunlight directly into electricity through a process known as the photovoltaic effect. The primary component of most solar panels is silicon, a semiconductor material. The panels are made of smaller units called photovoltaic cells. When sunlight, which is composed of tiny particles of energy called photons, strikes the silicon cell, it transfers energy to the atoms within the silicon.

II- This transfer of energy from the photons knocks electrons loose from their atoms. These free electrons then begin to move. The solar cell is designed with a specific structure that creates an electric field. This field acts like a slide, forcing the moving electrons to flow in a single direction. This directional flow of electrons is what constitutes an electric current.

III- Once the electric current is generated, it is captured by metal conductive plates on the surface of the solar cell. From there, the electricity can be sent to power a home, be stored in a battery for later use, or be fed into the main electricity grid. This entire process happens silently and without any moving parts, making solar panels a reliable and low-maintenance source of clean energy.

3. What is the main idea of paragraph 2?

Text 3

Read the following text, and then answer the questions.

קראו את הטקסט שלפניכם, ולאחר מכן ענו על השאלות.

The Global Positioning System (GPS)

I- The Global Positioning System, commonly known as GPS, is a satellite-based navigation system that provides location and time information anywhere on or near the Earth. This remarkable system is made up of three distinct parts working together: the space segment, the control segment, and the user segment. The space segment consists of a network of satellites orbiting the Earth. The control segment is a global network of ground facilities that track the satellites, monitor their transmissions, and send them commands. The user segment is your GPS receiver, such as the one in a car or a dedicated navigation device.

II- The core principle behind how GPS works is a mathematical method called trilateration. To pinpoint a location, a GPS receiver measures the distance to at least four different satellites. It does this by calculating the time it takes for a signal to travel from each satellite to the receiver. Since the system knows the exact position of the satellites in space and the exact time the signal was sent, it can calculate the distance. Once the receiver has the distance to four or more satellites, it can determine its precise location in three dimensions: latitude, longitude, and altitude.

Text 3

Read the following text, and then answer the questions.

קראו את הטקסט שלפניכם, ולאחר מכן ענו על השאלות.

The Global Positioning System (GPS)

I- The Global Positioning System, commonly known as GPS, is a satellite-based navigation system that provides location and time information anywhere on or near the Earth. This remarkable system is made up of three distinct parts working together: the space segment, the control segment, and the user segment. The space segment consists of a network of satellites orbiting the Earth. The control segment is a global network of ground facilities that track the satellites, monitor their transmissions, and send them commands. The user segment is your GPS receiver, such as the one in a car or a dedicated navigation device.

II- The core principle behind how GPS works is a mathematical method called trilateration. To pinpoint a location, a GPS receiver measures the distance to at least four different satellites. It does this by calculating the time it takes for a signal to travel from each satellite to the receiver. Since the system knows the exact position of the satellites in space and the exact time the signal was sent, it can calculate the distance. Once the receiver has the distance to four or more satellites, it can determine its precise location in three dimensions: latitude, longitude, and altitude.

5. What is the main idea of paragraph 2?

Text 4

Read the following text, and then answer the questions.

קראו את הטקסט שלפניכם, ולאחר מכן ענו על השאלות.

Turning Seawater into Drinking Water

I- Water is essential for life, but fresh water is becoming scarce in many parts of the world. To solve this problem, scientists have developed a technology called desalination. This process removes salt and minerals from ocean water to make it safe for drinking and agriculture. For countries with long coastlines and dry climates, desalination provides a reliable source of water that does not depend on rain. It has become a critical tool for survival in arid regions.

II- The most common method of desalination is called Reverse Osmosis. In this process, seawater is pushed at high pressure through special membranes. These membranes act like very fine filters. They allow water molecules to pass through but block the larger salt and mineral particles. The result is two streams of liquid: one is fresh, clean water ready for use, and the other is a highly concentrated salty brine that is left behind.

III- While desalination offers a great solution to water shortages, it also presents some challenges. The process requires a large amount of energy to push the water through the filters, which can be expensive. Additionally, the salty brine that is removed must be disposed of carefully so it does not harm the marine environment. Despite these issues, improvements in technology are making desalination more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, ensuring a steady water supply for the future.

6. What is the main idea of paragraph 1?

Match the paragraph number to its corresponding main idea.

התאימו בין מספר הפסקה לבין הרעיון המרכזי המתאים לה.